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Acephala

That division of the Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells, like the clams and oysters; -- so called because they have no evident head. Formerly the group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda, and sometimes the Bryozoa. See Mollusca.

Acephali

A fabulous people reported by ancient writers to have heads.

Acephalist

One who acknowledges no head or superior.

Acephalocyst

A larval entozo/n in the form of a subglobular or oval vesicle, or hydatid, filled with fluid, sometimes found in the tissues of man and the lower animals; -- so called from the absence of a head or visible organs on the vesicle. These cysts are the immature stages of certain tapeworms. Also applied to similar cysts of different origin.

Acequia

A canal or trench for irrigating land.

Acer

type genus of the Aceraceae; trees or shrubs having winged fruit.

Aceraceae

the family of trees including the maples.

Acerb

Sour, bitter, and harsh to the taste, as unripe fruit; sharp and harsh.

Acerbate

To sour; to imbitter; to irritate.

Acerbity

Sourness of taste, with bitterness and astringency, like that of unripe fruit.

Aceric

Pertaining to, or obtained from, the maple; as, aceric acid.

Acerose

Having the nature of chaff; chaffy. Needle-shaped, having a sharp, rigid point, as the leaf of the pine.

Acerous

Destitute of tentacles, as certain mollusks. Without antenn/, as some insects.

Acervate

Heaped, or growing in heaps, or closely compacted clusters.

Acescency Acescence

The quality of being acescent; the process of acetous fermentation; a moderate degree of sourness.

Acescent

A substance liable to become sour.

Acetable

An acetabulum; or about one eighth of a pint.

Acetabular

Cup-shaped; saucer-shaped; acetabuliform.

Acetabulifera

The division of Cephalopoda in which the arms are furnished with cup-shaped suckers, as the cuttlefishes, squids, and octopus; the Dibranchiata. See Cephalopoda.

Acetabuliferous

Furnished with fleshy cups for adhering to bodies, as cuttlefish, etc.

Acetabuliform

Shaped like a shallow cup; saucer-shaped; as, an acetabuliform calyx.

Acetal

A limpid, colorless, inflammable liquid from the slow oxidation of alcohol under the influence of platinum black.

Acetamide

A white crystalline solid, from ammonia by replacement of an equivalent of hydrogen by acetyl.

acetaminophen

a white crystalline compound (HO.C6H4.NH.CO.CH3) used as an analgesic and also as an antipyretic. It has molecular weight 151.16. It is the active ingredient in the commercial analgesics Tylenol and Datril.

acetanilide

An amide formed from aniline and an acetyl group (C6H5.NH.CO.CH3); it is a white crystalline compound used as an analgesic and also as an antipyretic. It has molecular weight 135.16.

Acetary

An acid pulp in certain fruits, as the pear.

Acetate

A salt formed by the union of acetic acid with a base or positive radical; as, acetate of lead, acetate of potash.

Acetic

Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing vinegar; producing vinegar; as, acetic fermentation. Pertaining to, containing, or derived from, acetyl, as acetic ether, acetic acid. The latter is the acid to which the sour taste of vinegar is due.

Acetification

The act of making acetous or sour; the process of converting, or of becoming converted, into vinegar.

Acetifier

An apparatus for hastening acetification.

Acetimeter

An instrument for estimating the amount of acetic acid in vinegar or in any liquid containing acetic acid.

Acetimetry

The act or method of ascertaining the strength of vinegar, or the proportion of acetic acid contained in it.

Acetin

A combination of acetic acid with glycerin.

acetol

Methyl ketol; also, any of various homologues of the same.

Acetonaemia Acetonemia

A morbid condition characterized by the presence of ketone bodies (including acetone, acetoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid) in the blood, as in diabetes.

acetone

A volatile liquid (CH3.CO.CH3); pyroacetic spirit; methyl ketone; -- obtained by fermentation, the distillation of certain acetates, or by the destructive distillation of citric acid, starch, sugar, or gum, with quicklime. It is commonly used as a solvent.

Acetonic

Of or pertaining to acetone; as, acetonic bodies.

acetonuria

Excess of ketone bodies (including acetone, acetoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid) in the urine, as in starvation or diabetes

acetophenetidin

A white crystalline compound used as an analgesic and also as an antipyretic.

Acetophenone

A crystalline ketone, CH3.CO.C6H5, which may be obtained by the dry distillation of a mixture of the calcium salts of acetic and benzoic acids. It is used as a hypnotic under the name of hypnone.

Acetosity

The quality of being acetous; sourness.

Acetous

Having a sour taste; sour; acid.

acetphenetidin

a white crystalline compound used as an analgesic and also as an antipyretic.

Acetyl

A complex, hypothetical radical, composed of two parts of carbon to three of hydrogen and one of oxygen. Its hydroxide is acetic acid.

acetylate

introduce an acetyl group into a chemical compound

acetylcholine

a neurotransmitter released by the transmitting dendron at autononmous synapses and at neuromuscular junctions. It is a quaternary amine with an obligatory negative counterion. The nominal formula for the hydroxide form is C7H17NO3. Structural formula (CH3)3N(+)CH2CH2.O.CO.CH3.OH(-).

acetylcholinesterase

an enzyme which exists in nerve cells and hydrolyses acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.

Acetylene

A gaseous compound of carbon and hydrogen, in the proportion of two atoms of the former to two of the latter. It is a colorless gas, with a peculiar, unpleasant odor, and is produced for use as an illuminating gas in a number of ways, but chiefly by the action of water on calcium carbide. Its light is very brilliant.

Achaian Achaean

Of or pertaining to Achaia in Greece; also, Grecian. A native of Achaia; a Greek.

Achatina

A genus of land snails, often large, common in the warm parts of America and Africa.

Ache

To suffer pain; to have, or be in, pain, or in continued pain; to be distressed.

Ache Ach

A name given to several species of plants; as, smallage, wild celery, parsley.

Achenium Achene

A small, dry, indehiscent fruit, containing a single seed, as in the buttercup; -- called a naked seed by the earlier botanists.

Acheron

A river in the Nether World or infernal regions; also, the infernal regions themselves. By some of the English poets it was supposed to be a flaming lake or gulf.

Acherontic

Of or pertaining to Acheron; infernal; hence, dismal, gloomy; moribund.

Acheta

a genus of Orthopteran insects consisting of common house and field crickets.

achievability

the possibility of being achieved or accomplished; -- a property which may be possessed by a contemplated act.

Achieve

To carry on to a final close; to bring out into a perfected state; to accomplish; to perform; -- as, to achieve a feat, an exploit, an enterprise.

Achievement

The act of achieving or performing; an obtaining by exertion; successful performance; accomplishment; as, the achievement of his object.

Achillean

Resembling Achilles, the hero of the Iliad; invincible.

Achilles

a mythical Greek hero of the Iliad; a foremost Greek warrior at the seige of Troy.

Achilles' tendon

The strong tendon formed of the united tendons of the large muscles in the calf of the leg, an inserted into the bone of the heel; -- so called from the mythological account of Achilles being held by the heel when dipped in the River Styx.

achimenes

any plant of the genus Achimenes having gloxinialike flowers.

Aching

That aches; continuously painful. See Ache.

Achiote

Seeds of the annotto tree; also, the coloring matter, annotto.

Achlamydate

Not possessing a mantle; -- said of certain gastropods.

Achlamydeous

Naked; having no floral envelope, neither calyx nor corolla.

achondroplasia

A skeletal disorder beginning before birth; cartilage is converted to bone resulting in dwarfism.

Achras

A genus of tropical trees having papery leaves and large fruit.

Achromatic

Free from color; transmitting light without decomposing it into its primary colors.

Achromatin

Tissue which is not stained by fluid dyes.

achromatinic

not readily colored by stains; -- of substance of a cell nucleus

Achromatism

The state or quality of being achromatic; as, the achromatism of a lens; achromaticity.

Achromatopsy

Color blindness; inability to distinguish colors; Daltonism.

Achromatous

Lacking, or deficient in, color; as, achromatous blood.

Achromic

Free from color; colorless; as, in (Physiol. Chem.), the achromic point of a starch solution acted upon by an amylolytic enzyme is the point at which it fails to give any color with iodine.

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