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Arborist

One who makes trees his study, or who is versed in the knowledge of trees.

Arborization

The appearance or figure of a tree or plant, as in minerals or fossils; a dendrite.

Arbuscle

A dwarf tree, one in size between a shrub and a tree; a treelike shrub.

Arbuscular

Of or pertaining to a dwarf tree; shrublike.

Arbustive

Containing copses of trees or shrubs; covered with shrubs.

Arbute Arbutus

The strawberry tree, a genus of evergreen shrubs, of the Heath family. It has a berry externally resembling the strawberry; the arbute tree.

Arc

To form a voltaic arc, as an electrical current in a broken or disconnected circuit.

arc-boutant

A buttress that stands apart from the main structure and connected to it by an arch; same as flying buttress.

Arca

the type genus of the family Arcidae, including ark shells and blood clams.

Arcade

A series of arches with the columns or piers which support them, the spandrels above, and other necessary appurtenances; sometimes open, serving as an entrance or to give light; sometimes closed at the back (as in the cut) and forming a decorative feature. A long, arched building or gallery.

Arcadia

A mountainous and picturesque district of Greece, in the heart of the Peloponnesus, whose people were distinguished for contentment and rural happiness.

Arcadic Arcadian

Of or pertaining to Arcadia; pastoral; ideally rural; as, Arcadian simplicity or scenery.

Arcanum

A secret; a mystery; -- generally used in the plural.

arcella

An amoebalike protozoan with a chitinous shell resembling an umbrella.

Arcellidae

A natural family of soil and freshwater protozoa; cosmopolitan.

Arceuthobium

A genus of chiefly American plants parasitic on conifers.

Archaean

The earliest period in geological period, extending up to the Lower Silurian. It includes an Azoic age, previous to the appearance of life, and an Eozoic age, including the earliest forms of life.

Archaebacteria Archaeobacteria

A group of single-celled microorganisms including the methanogens and some halophiles and thermoacidophiles, recognized in the 1970's by C. R. Woese and his colleagues as being a distinct group on the basis of RNA sequences, cell walls, and coenzymes differing from those of other microbes. It is believed to be an ancient form of living organism that evolved separately from the eubacteria and blue-green algae. It is classified as a separate kingdom by some taxonomists. See also The Archaebacteria.

Archaeography

A description of, or a treatise on, antiquity or antiquities.

Archaeolithic

Of or pertaining to the earliest Stone age; -- applied to a prehistoric period preceding the Paleolithic age.

Archaeology

The science or study of antiquities, esp. prehistoric antiquities, such as the remains of buildings or monuments of an early epoch, inscriptions, implements, and other relics, written manuscripts, etc.

Archaeopteryx

A fossil bird, of the Jurassic period, remarkable for having a long tapering tail of many vertebr/ with feathers along each side, and jaws armed with teeth, with other reptilian characteristics.

archaeornis

an extinct primitive toothed bird with a long feathered tail and three free clawed digits on each wing.

Archaeornithes

a subclass of primitive reptilelike fossil birds of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous.

Archaeostomatous

Applied to a gastrula when the blastopore does not entirely close up.

Archaeozoic

the time from 1.5 billion to 5 billion years ago; the time when the earth's crust formed; a time when only unicellular organisms and the earliest forms of life are present.

Archaic

Of or characterized by antiquity or archaism; antiquated; obsolescent.

Archaism

An ancient, antiquated, or old-fashioned, word, expression, or idiom; a word or form of speech no longer in common use.

Archaistic

Like, or imitative of, anything archaic; pertaining to an archaism.

Archaize

To make appear archaic or antique.

Archangel

A chief angel; one high in the celestial hierarchy.

Archangelic

Of or pertaining to archangels; of the nature of, or resembling, an archangel.

Archbishop

A chief bishop; a church dignitary of the first class (often called a metropolitan or primate) who superintends the conduct of the suffragan bishops in his province, and also exercises episcopal authority in his own diocese.

Archbishopric

The jurisdiction or office of an archbishop; the see or province over which archbishop exercises archiepiscopal authority.

Archbutler

A chief butler; -- an officer of the German empire.

Archchamberlain

A chief chamberlain; -- an officer of the old German empire, whose office was similar to that of the great chamberlain in England.

Archchancellor

A chief chancellor; -- an officer in the old German empire, who presided over the secretaries of the court.

Archdeacon

In England, an ecclesiastical dignitary, next in rank below a bishop, whom he assists, and by whom he is appointed, though with independent authority.

Archdeaconry

The district, office, or residence of an archdeacon. See Benefice.

Archducal

Of or pertaining to an archduke or archduchy.

Archduchess

The consort of an archduke; also, a princess of the imperial family of Austria. See Archduke.

Archduchy

The territory of an archduke or archduchess.

Archduke

A prince of the imperial family of Austria.

Arched

Made with an arch or curve; covered with an arch; as, an arched door.

Archegonium

The pistillidium or female organ in the higher cryptogamic plants, corresponding to the pistil in flowering plants.

Archegony

Spontaneous generation; abiogenesis.

Archelogy

The science of, or a treatise on, first principles.

Archenemy

A principal enemy. Specifically, Satan, the grand adversary of mankind.

Archenteric

Relating to the archenteron; as, archenteric invagination.

Archenteron

The primitive enteron or undifferentiated digestive sac of a gastrula or other embryo. See Illust. under Invagination.

Archeological Archeology

the branch of anthropology that studies prehistoric people and their cultures. Same as Arch/ology, etc.

archeologist

an anthropologist who studies prehistoric people and their culture.

archeopteryx

an extinct primitive toothed bird (Archaeopteryx lithographica) of the Upper Jurassic having a long feathered tail and hollow bones; usually considered the most primitive of all known birds. Same as archaeopteryx.

Archeozoic

the time from 1.5 billion to 5 billion years ago, when the earth's crust was formed; the time when only unicellular organisms and the earliest forms of life are present. Same as Archaeozoic.

Archer

A bowman, one skilled in the use of the bow and arrow.

Archery

The use of the bow and arrows in battle, hunting, etc.; the art, practice, or skill of shooting with a bow and arrows.

archesporium

a primitive cell or group of cells from which a mother cell develops.

Archetypal

Of or pertaining to an archetype; consisting a model (real or ideal) or pattern; original.

Archetypally

With reference to the archetype; originally. /Parts archetypally distinct./

Archetype

The original pattern or model of a work; or the model from which a thing is made or formed.

Archeus

The vital principle or force which (according to the Paracelsians) presides over the growth and continuation of living beings; the anima mundi or plastic power of the old philosophers.

Archiannelida

A group of Annelida remarkable for having no external segments or distinct ventral nerve ganglions.

Archiater

Chief physician; -- a term applied, on the continent of Europe, to the first or body physician of princes and to the first physician of some cities.

Archiblastula

A hollow blastula, supposed to be the primitive form; a c/loblastula.

Archiepiscopacy

That form of episcopacy in which the chief power is in the hands of archbishops.

Archiepiscopal

Of or pertaining to an archbishop; as, Canterbury is an archiepiscopal see.

Archierey

The higher order of clergy in Russia, including metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops.

Archil

A violet dye obtained from several species of lichen (Roccella tinctoria, etc.), which grow on maritime rocks in the Canary and Cape Verd Islands, etc.

Archilochian

Of or pertaining to the satiric Greek poet Archilochus; as, Archilochian meter.

Archilute Archlute

A large theorbo, or double-necked lute, formerly in use, having the bass strings doubled with an octave, and the higher strings with a unison.

Archimandrite

A chief of a monastery, corresponding to abbot in the Roman Catholic church. A superintendent of several monasteries, corresponding to superior abbot, or father provincial, in the Roman Catholic church.

Archimedean

Of or pertaining to Archimedes, a celebrated Greek philosopher; constructed on the principle of Archimedes' screw; as, Archimedean drill, propeller, etc.

Archimedes

An extinct genus of Bryzoa characteristic of the subcarboniferous rocks. Its form is that of a screw.

Arching

The arched part of a structure.

Architect

A person skilled in the art of building; one who understands architecture, or makes it his occupation to form plans and designs of buildings, and to superintend the artificers employed.

Architectural

Of or pertaining to the art of building; conformed to the rules of architecture.

Architecture

The art or science of building; especially, the art of building houses, churches, bridges, and other structures, for the purposes of civil life; -- often called civil architecture.

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