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Barranca

A ravine caused by heavy rains or a watercourse.

Barras

A resin, called also galipot.

Barratrous

Tainted with, or constituting, barratry.

Barratry

The practice of exciting and encouraging lawsuits and quarrels.

Barrel

To put or to pack in a barrel or barrels.

barrel cactus

any of several large cacti native to the southwestern U. S. and Mexico, having a short cylindrical form with deep vertical ribs and bearing sharp spines. They are classed in the genera Ferocactus and Echinocactus.

barrelfish

A blackish fish (Hyperglyphe perciformis) of New England waters.

barrelful

The quantity that a barrel (of any size) will hold.

Barrenness

The condition of being barren; sterility; unproductiveness.

Barrenwort

An herbaceous plant of the Barberry family (Epimedium alpinum), having leaves that are bitter and said to be sudorific.

Barret

A kind of cap formerly worn by soldiers; -- called also barret cap. Also, the flat cap worn by Roman Catholic ecclesiastics.

barretter

a resistor inserted into a circuit to compensate for changes (such as those arising from temperature fluctuations); a thermal cymoscope.

Barricade

To fortify or close with a barricade or with barricades; to stop up, as a passage; to obstruct; as, the workmen barricaded the streets of Paris.

Barrier

A carpentry obstruction, stockade, or other obstacle made in a passage in order to stop an enemy.

Barrigudo

A large, dark-colored, South American monkey, of the genus Lagothrix, having a long prehensile tail.

barring

the act of excluding someone by a negative vote or veto.

Barringout

The act of closing the doors of a schoolroom against a schoolmaster; -- a boyish mode of rebellion in schools.

Barrio

In Spain and countries colonized by Spain, a village, ward, or district outside a town or city to whose jurisdiction it belongs; in Spanish-speaking areas of cities in the United States, it is a neighborhood, ward, or quarter inside a town.

Barrister

Counselor at law; a counsel admitted to plead at the bar, and undertake the public trial of causes, as distinguished from an attorney or solicitor. See Attorney.

Barroom

A room containing a bar or counter at which liquors are sold.

Barrow

A large mound of earth or stones over the remains of the dead; a tumulus.

Barrowist

A follower of Henry Barrowe, one of the founders of Independency or Congregationalism in England. Barrowe was executed for nonconformity in 1593.

Barrulet

A diminutive of the bar, having one fourth its width.

Barruly

Traversed by barrulets or small bars; -- said of the field.

Barry

Divided into bars; -- said of the field.

Barse

The common perch. See 1st Bass.

Bart.

an abbreviation of baronet.

Barter

The act or practice of trafficking by exchange of commodities; an exchange of goods.

Barth

A place of shelter for cattle.

Bartizan

A small, overhanging structure for lookout or defense, usually projecting at an angle of a building or near an entrance gateway.

Bartlett

A Bartlett pear, a favorite kind of pear, which originated in England about 1770, and was called Williams' Bonchr/tien. It was brought to America, and distributed by Mr. Enoch Bartlett, of Dorchester, Massachusetts.

Barton

The demesne lands of a manor; also, the manor itself.

Barway

A passage into a field or yard, closed by bars made to take out of the posts.

Barwood

A red wood of a leguminous tree (Baphia nitida), from Angola and the Gabon in Africa. It is used as a dyewood, and also for ramrods, violin bows and turner's work.

barycenter

the point representing the mean position of the matter in a body.

Barycentric

Of or pertaining to the center of gravity. See Barycentric calculus, under Calculus.

baryon

any of the elementary particles having a mass equal to or greater than that of a proton and that participate in strong interactions; a hadron with a baryon number of +1.

Barysphere

The heavy interior portion of the earth, within the lithosphere.

Baryta

An oxide of barium (or barytum); a heavy earth with a specific gravity above 4.

Barytes

Barium sulphate, generally called heavy spar or barite. See Barite.

Baryto-calcite

A mineral of a white or gray color, occurring massive or crystallized. It is a compound of the carbonates of barium and calcium.

Barytum

The metal barium. See Barium.

Bas-relief

Low relief; sculpture, the figures of which project less than half of their true proportions; -- called also bass-relief and basso-rilievo. See Alto-rilievo.

Basal

Relating to, or forming, the base.

Basal-nerved

Having the nerves radiating from the base; -- said of leaves.

Basalt

A rock of igneous origin, consisting of augite and triclinic feldspar, with grains of magnetic or titanic iron, and also bottle-green particles of olivine frequently disseminated.

Basaltic

Pertaining to basalt; formed of, or containing, basalt; as basaltic lava.

Basan

Same as Basil, a sheepskin.

Basanite

Lydian stone, or black jasper, a variety of siliceous or flinty slate, of a grayish or bluish black color. It is employed to test the purity of gold, the amount of alloy being indicated by the color left on the stone when rubbed by the metal.

Basbleu

A bluestocking; a literary woman.

Bascinet

A light helmet, at first open, but later made with a visor.

Bascule

In mechanics, an apparatus on the principle of the seesaw, in which one end rises as the other falls.

Base

To abase; to let, or cast, down; to lower.

base pair

a unit of double-stranded DNA or RNA consisting of two complementary bases on opposing strands of the double-stranded polynucleotide, bound together by hydrogen bonds and other non-covalent chemical forces. The bases comprising the base pairs are adenine, thymine, cytidine, and guanine. In normal DNA, the base adenine on one strand of DNA pairs with thymine on the opposite strand, and cytosine on one strand pairs with guanine on the opposite strand. The term base pair usually includes the sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and the phosphate bound to each base to form a nucleotide unit. One base pair is sometimes used as a unit of length or size for DNA, and in this usage is abbreviated bp; as, a 100-bp fragment of DNA. A length of 1000 base pairs is a kilobase pair or kbp.

base price

the initial price of something (goods or services) without the additional charges that may be added, such as handling or shipping charges, sales tax, optional equipment charges, etc.

Base-burner

A furnace or stove in which the fuel is contained in a hopper or chamber, and is fed to the fire as the lower stratum is consumed.

Base-court

The secondary, inferior, or rear courtyard of a large house; the outer court of a castle.

Baseball

A game of ball, so called from the bases or bounds (four in number) which designate the circuit which each player must endeavor to make after striking the ball.

Baseboard

A board, or other woodwork, carried round the walls of a room and touching the floor, to form a base and protect the plastering; -- also called washboard (in England), mopboard, and scrubboard.

Based

Having a base, or having as a base; supported; as, broad-based.

Baselard

A short sword or dagger, worn in the fifteenth century.

Baseless

Without a base; having no foundation or support.

baseline

an imaginary line or standard by which things are measured or compared; as, they established a baseline for the budget.

Basely

In a base manner; with despicable meanness; dishonorably; shamefully.

Basement

The outer wall of the ground story of a building, or of a part of that story, when treated as a distinct substructure. (See Base, n., 3 (a).) Hence: The rooms of a ground floor, collectively.

Baseness

The quality or condition of being base; degradation; vileness.

Bash

a forceful blow, especially one that does damage to its target.

Bashaw

A Turkish title of honor, now written pasha. See Pasha.

Bashi-bazouk

A soldier belonging to the irregular troops of the Turkish army.

Basic

Relating to a base; performing the office of a base in a salt. Having the base in excess, or the amount of the base atomically greater than that of the acid, or exceeding in proportion that of the related neutral salt. Apparently alkaline, as certain normal salts which exhibit alkaline reactions with test paper.

BASIC

an artificial computer language with a relatively simplified instruction set.

Basicerite

The second joint of the antenn/ of crustaceans.

Basicity

The quality or state of being a base. The power of an acid to unite with one or more atoms or equivalents of a base, as indicated by the number of replaceable hydrogen atoms contained in the acid.

basics

a statement of fundamental facts or principles.

basidiolichen

a lichen in which the fungus component is a basidiomycete.

basidiomycete

any of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota.

Basidiomycota

A large subdivision of the kingdom Fungi coextensive with the phylum Basidiomycetes, characterized by having the spores borne on a basidium. It embraces those fungi best known to the public, such as mushrooms, toadstools, etc. Among the classes of the Basidiomycota are: Gasteromycetes (puffballs); Tiliomycetes (comprising the orders Ustilaginales (smuts) and Uredinales (rusts)); and Hymenomycetes (mushrooms; toadstools; agarics; bracket fungi).

Basidium

A special oblong or pyriform cell, with slender branches, which bears the spores in that division of fungi called Basidiomycetes, of which the common mushroom is an example.

Basifier

That which converts into a salifiable base.

Basifugal

Tending or proceeding away from the base; as, a basifugal growth.

Basify

To convert into a salifiable base.

Basigynium

The pedicel on which the ovary of certain flowers, as the passion flower, is seated; a carpophore or thecaphore.

Basihyal

Noting two small bones, forming the body of the inverted hyoid arch.

Basil

The skin of a sheep tanned with bark.

basileus

a ruler of the eastern Roman Empire.

Basilica

A digest of the laws of Justinian, translated from the original Latin into Greek, by order of Basil I., in the ninth century.

Basilican

Of, relating to, or resembling, a basilica; basilical.

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