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Centurion

A military officer who commanded a minor division of the Roman army; a captain of a century.

Centurist Centuriator

An historian who distinguishes time by centuries, esp. one of those who wrote the /Magdeburg Centuries./ See under Century.

Century

A hundred; as, a century of sonnets; an aggregate of a hundred things.

Ceorl

A freeman of the lowest class; one not a thane or of the servile classes; a churl.

Cepaceous

Of the nature of an onion, as in odor; alliaceous.

Cephalad

Forwards; towards the head or anterior extremity of the body; opposed to caudad.

Cephalalgic

Relating to, or affected with, headache. A remedy for the headache.

Cephalaspis

A genus of fossil ganoid fishes found in the old red sandstone or Devonian formation. The head is large, and protected by a broad shield-shaped helmet prolonged behind into two lateral points.

Cephalata

A large division of Mollusca, including all except the bivalves; -- so called because the head is distinctly developed. See Illustration in Appendix.

Cephalic

A medicine for headache, or other disorder in the head.

cephalin

One of a group of phospholipids (nitrogenous phosphorized fatty substances), present in all living cells and particularly evident in nervous tissue. The cephalins consist of glycerol phosphate in which the two free hydroxyls of the glycerol are esterified with fatty acids, and the phosphate forms an ester linkage to the hydroxyl of ethanolamine. The phosphate may be linked to the alpha (end) or beta (middle) hydroxyl of the glycerol portion. The natural isomers are of the alpha form, and have the general formula R.O.CH2.CHOR/.CH2.O.PO2.O.CH2.CH2.NH2, where R and R/ are the acyl residues of long-chain fatty acids, which may be the same or different.

Cephalism

Form or development of the skull; as, the races of man differ greatly in cephalism.

Cephalization

Domination of the head in animal life as expressed in the physical structure; localization of important organs or parts in or near the head, in animal development.

Cephalomere

One of the somites (arthromeres) which make up the head of arthropods.

Cephalometer

An instrument measuring the dimensions of the head of a fetus during delivery.

Cephaloptera

One of the generic names of the gigantic ray (Manta birostris) of the family Mobulidae, known as devilfish, sea devil, manta and manta ray. It is common on the coasts of South Carolina, Florida, and farther south, and is sometimes found as far north as New York Bay. Some of them grow to enormous size, becoming twenty feet of more across the body, and weighing more than a ton.

Cephalosome

The anterior region or head of insects and other arthropods.

Cephalosporin

any of a class of chemical substances, some of which have therapeutically useful antibacterial activity, whose structure contains a beta-lactam ring fused to a six-membered ring containing a sulfur and a nitrogen atom. The first of the series, cephalosporin C, was discovered by G. Brotzu in 1955 in the culture broth of a Cephalosporium species found off the coast of Sardinia. Other cephalosporins have been found to be produced by species of soil bacteria (actinomycetes). Many semisynthetic analogs have been tested for antibacterial effect, and several of them have found use as important clinically useful antibacterial agents, some of which may be taken orally for treatment of bacterial infections. The cephalosporins are the second class of beta-lactam antibiotic to be discovered, the first being the penicillins and more recent classes being the thienamycins and sulfazecins. The cephamycins are a variant of cephalosporins with a methoxyl group on the beta-lactam ring, rendering them more resistant to penicillinases. Among the cephalosporins which have been found clinically useful are cephalexin, cephaloridine, and cephalothin.

Cephalostyle

The anterior end of the notochord and its bony sheath in the base of cartilaginous crania.

Cephalothorax

The anterior portion of any one of the Arachnida and higher Crustacea, consisting of the united head and thorax.

Cephalotome

An instrument for cutting into the fetal head, to facilitate delivery.

Cephalotribe

An obstetrical instrument for performing cephalotripsy.

Cephalotripsy

The act or operation of crushing the head of a fetus in the womb in order to effect delivery.

Cephalotrocha

A kind of annelid larva with a circle of cilia around the head.

Cephalous

Having a head; -- applied chiefly to the Cephalata, a division of mollusks.

Cepheus

A northern constellation near the pole. Its head, which is in the Milky Way, is marked by a triangle formed by three stars of the fourth magnitude. See Cassiopeia.

Cepphus

a genus comprising the gillemots.

CER

a conditioned emotional response, an emotional response that has been acquired by conditioning.

Ceraceous

Having the texture and color of new wax; like wax; waxy.

Ceramic

Of or pertaining to pottery; relating to the art of making earthenware; as, ceramic products; ceramic ornaments for ceilings.

Ceramics

The art of making things of baked clay; as pottery, tiles, etc.

Cerargyrite

Native silver chloride, a mineral of a white to pale yellow or gray color, darkening on exposure to the light. It may be cut by a knife, like lead or horn (hence called horn silver).

ceras

one of the often brightly colored and branching hornlike structures on the backs of nudibranchs and other related mollusks that serve as gills.

Cerasin

A white amorphous substance, the insoluble part of cherry gum; -- called also meta-arabinic acid.

Cerastes

A genus of poisonous African serpents, with a horny scale over each eye; the horned viper.

Cerastium

a genus of weedy plants of the pink family, comprising the mouse-ear chickweeds.

Cerate

An unctuous preparation for external application, of a consistence intermediate between that of an ointment and a plaster, so that it can be spread upon cloth without the use of heat, but does not melt when applied to the skin.

Ceratobranchia

A group of nudibranchiate Mollusca having on the back papilliform or branched organs serving as gills.

Ceratobranchial

Pertaining to the bone, or cartilage, below the epibranchial in a branchial arch. A ceratobranchial bone, or cartilage.

Ceratodus

A genus of ganoid fishes, of the order Dipnoi, first known as Mesozoic fossil fishes; but recently two living species have been discovered in Australian rivers. They have lungs so well developed that they can leave the water and breathe in air. In Australia they are called salmon and baramunda. See Dipnoi, and Archipterygium.

Ceratohyal

Pertaining to the bone, or cartilage, below the epihyal in the hyoid arch. A ceratohyal bone, or cartilage, which, in man, forms one of the small horns of the hyoid.

Ceratophyllaceae

a natural family coextensive with the genus Ceratophyllum; the hornworts.

Ceratophyllum

the sole genus constituting the family Ceratophyllaceae; the hornworts.

Ceratopogonidae

a natural family of insects including the biting midges and sand flies.

Ceratopsia

a suborder of extinct animals including triceratops.

ceratopsian

any of several four-footed herbivorous horned dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls, of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia.

Ceratopsidae

an extinct family of American ceratopsian dinosaurs.

Ceratosaurus

A swift-running bipedal carnivorous American Jurassic dinosaur allied to the European Megalosaurus. The animal was nearly twenty feet in length, and the skull bears a bony short horn between the nostrils on the united nasal bones. See Illustration in Appendix.

Ceratospongiae

An order of sponges in which the skeleton consists of horny fibers. It includes all the commercial sponges.

ceratozamia

a small cycad of the genus Ceratozamia having a short scaly woody trunk and fernlike foliage and woody cones; Mexico.

Ceraunics

That branch of physics which treats of heat and electricity.

Ceraunoscope

An instrument or apparatus employed in the ancient mysteries to imitate thunder and lightning.

Cerberean

Of or pertaining to, or resembling, Cerberus.

Cercal

Of or pertaining to the tail.

Cercaria

The larval form of a trematode worm having the shape of a tadpole, with its body terminated by a tail-like appendage.

Cercarian

Of, like, or pertaining to, the Cercari/. One of the Cercari/.

Cercopidae

a natural family comprising the froghoppers or spittlebugs.

Cercopithecidae

a natural family of Old World monkeys including the guenon, baboon, colobus monkey, langur, macaque, mandrill, mangabey, patas, and proboscis monkey.

Cercopithecus

type genus of the Cercopithecidae, consisting of one genus of guenons.

Cercopod

One of the jointed antenniform appendages of the posterior somites of certain insects.

Cercospora

form genus of imperfect fungi that are leaf parasites with long slender spores.

Cercosporella

form genus of imperfect fungi lacking pigment in the spores and conidiophores.

Cere

To wax; to cover or close with wax.

Cereal

Any grass cultivated for its edible grain, or the grain itself; -- usually in the plural.

Cerealia

Public festivals in honor of Ceres.

Cerealin

A nitrogenous substance closely resembling diastase, obtained from bran, and possessing the power of converting starch into dextrin, sugar, and lactic acid.

Cerebellum

The large lobe of the hind brain in front of and above the medulla; the little brain. It controls combined muscular action. See Brain.

Cerebral

One of a class of lingual consonants in the East Indian languages. See Lingual, n.

Cerebralism

The doctrine or theory that psychical phenomena are functions or products of the brain only.

Cerebrate

To exhibit mental activity; to have the brain in action.

Cerebration

Action of the brain, whether conscious or unconscious.

Cerebric

Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the brain.

Cerebrifugal

Applied to those nerve fibers which go from the brain to the spinal cord, and so transfer cerebral impulses (centrifugal impressions) outwards.

Cerebrin

A nonphosphorized, nitrogenous substance, obtained from brain and nerve tissue by extraction with boiling alcohol. It is uncertain whether it exists as such in nerve tissue, or is a product of the decomposition of some more complex substance.

Cerebripetal

Applied to those nerve fibers which go from the spinal cord to the brain and so transfer sensations (centripetal impressions) from the exterior inwards.

Cerebro-spinal

Of or pertaining to the central nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

Cerebroid

Resembling, or analogous to, the cerebrum or brain.

Cerebrology

The science which treats of the cerebrum or brain.

Cerebropathy

A hypochondriacal condition verging upon insanity, occurring in those whose brains have been unduly taxed; -- called also brain fag.

Cerebroscopy

Examination of the brain for the diagnosis of disease; esp., the act or process of diagnosticating the condition of the brain by examination of the interior of the eye (as with an ophthalmoscope).

Cerebrose

A sugarlike body obtained by the decomposition of the nitrogenous non-phosphorized principles of the brain.

Cerebrum

The anterior, and in man the larger, division of the brain; the seat of the reasoning faculties and the will. See Brain.

Cerecloth

A cloth smeared with melted wax, or with some gummy or glutinous matter.

Cerement

A cerecloth used for the special purpose of enveloping a dead body when embalmed. Any shroud or wrapping for the dead.

Ceremonial

A system of rules and ceremonies, enjoined by law, or established by custom, in religious worship, social intercourse, or the courts of princes; outward form.

Ceremonially

According to rites and ceremonies; as, a person ceremonially unclean.

Ceremonious

Consisting of outward forms and rites; ceremonial. [In this sense ceremonial is now preferred.]

Ceremony

Ar act or series of acts, often of a symbolical character, prescribed by law, custom, or authority, in the conduct of important matters, as in the performance of religious duties, the transaction of affairs of state, and the celebration of notable events; as, the ceremony of crowning a sovereign; the ceremonies observed in consecrating a church; marriage and baptismal ceremonies.

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