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Rhynchocephala

An order of reptiles having biconcave vertebrae, immovable quadrate bones, and many other peculiar osteological characters. Hatteria is the only living genus, but numerous fossil genera are known, some of which are among the earliest of reptiles. See Hatteria. Called also Rhynchocephalia.

Rhynchonella

A genus of brachiopods of which some species are still living, while many are found fossil.

Rhynchophora

A group of Coleoptera having a snoutlike head; the snout beetles, curculios, or weevils.

Rhyolite

A quartzose trachyte, an igneous rock often showing a fluidal structure.

Rhyparography

In ancient art, the painting of genre or still-life pictures.

Rhysimeter

An instrument, acting on the principle of Pitot's tube, for measuring the velocity of a fluid current, the speed of a ship, etc.

Rhythm

In the widest sense, a dividing into short portions by a regular succession of motions, impulses, sounds, accents, etc., producing an agreeable effect, as in music poetry, the dance, or the like.

Rhythmer

One who writes in rhythm, esp. in poetic rhythm or meter.

Rhythmics

The department of musical science which treats of the length of sounds.

Rhythmometer

An instrument for marking time in musical movements. See Metronome.

Rial

A gold coin formerly current in England, of the value of ten shillings sterling in the reign of Henry VI., and of fifteen shillings in the reign of Elizabeth.

Riant

Laughing; laughable; exciting gayety; gay; merry; delightful to the view, as a landscape.

Rib

To furnish with ribs; to form with rising lines and channels; as, to rib cloth.

Ribald

Low; base; mean; filthy; obscene.

Ribaldry

The talk of a ribald; low, vulgar language; indecency; obscenity; lewdness; -- now chiefly applied to indecent language, but formerly, as by Chaucer, also to indecent acts or conduct.

Ribaudequin

An engine of war used in the Middle Ages, consisting of a protected elevated staging on wheels, and armed in front with pikes. It was (after the 14th century) furnished with small cannon.

Ribband

A long, narrow strip of timber bent and bolted longitudinally to the ribs of a vessel, to hold them in position, and give rigidity to the framework.

Ribbed

Furnished or formed with ribs; as, a ribbed cylinder; ribbed cloth.

Ribbing

An assemblage or arrangement of ribs, as the timberwork for the support of an arch or coved ceiling, the veins in the leaves of some plants, ridges in the fabric of cloth, or the like.

Ribbon

To adorn with, or as with, ribbons; to mark with stripes resembling ribbons.

Ribbonism

The principles and practices of the Ribbonmen. See Ribbon Society, under Ribbon.

Ribbonman

A member of the Ribbon Society. See Ribbon Society, under Ribbon.

Ribbonwood

A malvaceous tree (Hoheria populnea) of New Zealand, the bark of which is used for cordage.

Ribes

A genus of shrubs including gooseberries and currants of many kinds.

Ribibe

A sort of stringed instrument; a rebec.

Ribible

A small threestringed viol; a rebec.

Ribwort

A species of plantain (Plantago lanceolata) with long, narrow, ribbed leaves; -- called also rib grass, ripple grass, ribwort plantain.

Rice

A well-known cereal grass (Oryza sativa) and its seed. This plant is extensively cultivated in warm climates, and the grain forms a large portion of the food of the inhabitants. In America it grows chiefly on low, moist land, which can be overflowed.

Rice-shell

Any one of numerous species of small white polished marine shells of the genus Olivella.

Riches

That which makes one rich; an abundance of land, goods, money, or other property; wealth; opulence; affluence.

Richesse

Wealth; riches. See the Note under Riches.

Richness

The quality or state of being rich (in any sense of the adjective).

Richweed

An herb (Pilea pumila) of the Nettle family, having a smooth, juicy, pellucid stem; -- called also clearweed.

Ricinelaidic

Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric modification of ricinoleic acid obtained as a white crystalline solid.

Ricinelaidin

The glycerin salt of ricinelaidic acid, obtained as a white crystalline waxy substance by treating castor oil with nitrous acid.

Ricinic

Pertaining to, or derived from, castor oil; formerly, designating an acid now called ricinoleic acid.

Ricinine

A bitter white crystalline alkaloid (C8H8N2O2) extracted from the seeds of the castor-oil plant (Ricinus communalis). Called also ricidine. Ingestion may cause vomiting and various other toxic reactions, including liver and kidney damage, convulsions, hypotension, and death.

Ricinoleate

A salt of ricinoleic acid; -- formerly called palmate.

Ricinoleic

Pertaining to, or designating, a fatty acid analogous to oleic acid, obtained from castor oil as an oily substance, C18H34O3 with a harsh taste. Formerly written ricinolic and formerly referred to as palmic.

ricinoleic acid

An organic acid (C18H34O3) obtained from the castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis, or Palma Christi) and other species of the family Euphorbiaceae; chemicaly it is d-12-hydroxyoleic acid (CH3(CH2)5.CH(OH).CH2.CH=CH.(CH2)7COOH). Formerly called palmic acid.

Ricinolein

The glycerin salt of ricinoleic acid, occuring as a characteristic constituent of castor oil; -- formerly called palmin.

Ricinus

A genus of plants of the Spurge family, containing but one species (Ricinus communis), the castor-oil plant. The fruit is three-celled, and contains three large seeds from which castor oil is expressed. See Palma Christi.

Rick

To heap up in ricks, as hay, etc.

Ricker

A stout pole for use in making a rick, or for a spar to a boat.

Rickets

A disease which affects children, and which is characterized by a bulky head, crooked spine and limbs, depressed ribs, enlarged and spongy articular epiphyses, tumid abdomen, and short stature, together with clear and often premature mental faculties. The essential cause of the disease appears to be the nondeposition of earthy salts in the osteoid tissues. Children afflicted with this malady stand and walk unsteadily. Called also rachitis.

Rickrack

A kind of openwork edging made of serpentine braid.

Rickstand

A flooring or framework on which a rick is made.

Ricochet

To skip with a rebound or rebounds, as a flat stone on the surface of water, or a cannon ball on the ground. See Ricochet, n.

Rictal

Of or pertaining to the rictus; as, rictal bristles.

Rictus

The gape of the mouth, as of birds; -- often resricted to the corners of the mouth.

Rid

To save; to rescue; to deliver; -- with out of.

Ridable

Suitable for riding; as, a ridable horse; a ridable road.

Riddance

The act of ridding or freeing; deliverance; a cleaning up or out.

Ridder

One who, or that which, rids.

Riddle

To speak ambiguously or enigmatically.

Riddler

One who speaks in, or propounds, riddles.

Riddling

Speaking in a riddle or riddles; containing a riddle.

Ride

The act of riding; an excursion on horseback or in a vehicle.

Rideau

A small mound of earth; ground slightly elevated; a small ridge.

Riden

imp. pl. p. p. of Ride.

Rider

One who, or that which, rides.

Riderless

Having no rider; as, a riderless horse.

Ridge

To form a ridge of; to furnish with a ridge or ridges; to make into a ridge or ridges.

Ridgeband

The part of a harness which passes over the saddle, and supports the shafts of a cart; -- called also ridgerope, and ridger.

Ridgepole

The timber forming the ridge of a roof, into which the rafters are secured.

Ridgy

Having a ridge or ridges; rising in a ridge.

Ridiculosity

The quality or state of being ridiculous; ridiculousness; also, something ridiculous.

Ridiculous

Fitted to excite ridicule; absurd and laughable; unworthy of serious consideration; as, a ridiculous dress or behavior.

Riding

The act or state of one who rides.

Rietboc

The reedbuck, a South African antelope (Cervicapra arundinacea); -- so called from its frequenting dry places covered with high grass or reeds. Its color is yellowish brown. Called also inghalla, and rietbok.

Rifacimento

A remaking or recasting; an adaptation, esp. of a literary work or musical composition.

Rife

Prevailing; prevalent; abounding.

Riffle

A trough or sluice having cleats, grooves, or steps across the bottom for holding quicksilver and catching particles of gold when auriferous earth is washed; also, one of the cleats, grooves, or steps in such a trough. Also called ripple.

Riffler

A curved file used in carving wool and marble.

Riffraff

Sweepings; refuse; the lowest order of society.

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