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Russophobia

Morbid dread of Russia or of Russian influence.

Rust

To cause to contract rust; to corrode with rust; to affect with rust of any kind.

Rustful

Full of rust; resembling rust; causing rust; rusty.

Rustic

An inhabitant of the country, especially one who is rude, coarse, or dull; a clown.

Rusticate

To require or compel to reside in the country; to banish or send away temporarily; to impose rustication on.

Rusticated

Resembling rustic work. See Rustic work (a), under Rustic.

Rustication

The act of rusticating, or the state of being rusticated; specifically, the punishment of a student for some offense, by compelling him to leave the institution for a time.

Rusticity

The quality or state of being rustic; rustic manners; rudeness; simplicity; artlessness.

Rustiness

The quality or state of being rusty.

Rustle

A quick succession or confusion of small sounds, like those made by shaking leaves or straw, by rubbing silk, or the like; a rustling.

Rustler

One who, or that which, rustles.

Rusty

Covered or affected with rust; as, a rusty knife or sword; rusty wheat.

Rut

To make a rut or ruts in; -- chiefly used as a past participle or a participial adj.; as, a rutted road.

Ruta-baga

A kind of turnip commonly with a large and long or ovoid yellowish root; a Swedish turnip. See Turnip.

Rutaceous

Of or pertaining to plants of a natural order (Rutaceae) of which the rue is the type, and which includes also the orange, lemon, dittany, and buchu.

Ruth

Sorrow for the misery of another; pity; tenderness.

Ruthenic

Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a higher valence as contrasted with ruthenious compounds.

Ruthenious

Pertaining to, or containing, ruthenium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a lower valence as contrasted with ruthenic compounds.

Ruthenium

A rare element of the light platinum group, found associated with platinum ores, and isolated as a hard, brittle steel-gray metal which is very infusible. Symbol Ru. Atomic weight 103.5. Specific gravity 12.26. See Platinum metals, under Platinum.

Ruthful

Full of ruth Pitiful; tender. Full of sorrow; woeful. Causing sorrow.

Ruthless

Having no ruth; cruel; pitiless.

Rutic

Pertaining to, or obtained from, rue (Ruta); as, rutic acid, now commonly called capric acid.

Rutilate

To shine; to emit rays of light.

Rutile

A mineral usually of a reddish brown color, and brilliant metallic adamantine luster, occurring in tetragonal crystals. In composition it is titanium dioxide, like octahedrite and brookite.

Rutilian

Any species of lamellicorn beetles belonging to Rutila and allied genera, as the spotted grapevine beetle (Pelidnota punctata).

Rutin

A glucoside resembling, but distinct from, quercitrin. Rutin is found in the leaves of the rue (Ruta graveolens) and other plants, and obtained as a bitter yellow crystalline substance which yields quercitin on decomposition.

Rutterkin

An old crafty fox or beguiler -- a word of contempt.

Ruttier

A chart of a course, esp. at sea.

Ruttish

Inclined to rut; lustful; libidinous; salacious.

Ruttle

A rattling sound in the throat arising from difficulty of breathing; a rattle.

Rutylene

A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H18, of the acetylene series. It is produced artificially.

Ryal

See Rial, an old English coin.

Ryder

A clause added to a document; a rider. See Rider.

Rye

A grain yielded by a hardy cereal grass (Secale cereale), closely allied to wheat; also, the plant itself. Rye constitutes a large portion of the breadstuff used by man.

Rynd

A piece of iron crossing the hole in the upper millstone by which the stone is supported on the spindle.

Ryot

A peasant or cultivator of the soil.

Rytina

A genus of large edentulous sirenians, allied to the dugong and manatee, including but one species (Rytina Stelleri); -- called also Steller's sea cow, stellerine and steller.

Saan

Same as Bushmen.

Sabadilla

A Mexican liliaceous plant (Schoenocaulon officinale); also, its seeds, which contain the alkaloid veratrine. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic and purgative.

Sabal

A genus of palm trees including the palmetto of the Southern United States.

Sabbat

In mediaeval demonology, the nocturnal assembly in which demons and sorcerers were thought to celebrate their orgies.

Sabbatarian

Of or pertaining to the Sabbath, or the tenets of Sabbatarians.

Sabbath

A season or day of rest; one day in seven appointed for rest or worship, the observance of which was enjoined upon the Jews in the Decalogue, and has been continued by the Christian church with a transference of the day observed from the last to the first day of the week, which is called also Lord's Day.

Sabbathless

Without Sabbath, or intermission of labor; hence, without respite or rest.

Sabbatical Sabbatic

Of or pertaining to the Sabbath; resembling the Sabbath; enjoying or bringing an intermission of labor.

Sabbatism

Intermission of labor, as upon the Sabbath; rest.

Sabbaton

A round-toed, armed covering for the feet, worn during a part of the sixteenth century in both military and civil dress.

Sabella

A genus of tubicolous annelids having a circle of plumose gills around the head.

Sabellian

A follower of Sabellius, a presbyter of Ptolemais in the third century, who maintained that there is but one person in the Godhead, and that the Son and Holy Spirit are only different powers, operations, or offices of the one God the Father.

Sabellianism

The doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See Sabellian, n.

Sabelloid

Like, or related to, the genus Sabella.

Sabian

An adherent of the Sabian religion; a worshiper of the heavenly bodies.

Sabianism

The doctrine of the Sabians; the Sabian religion; that species of idolatry which consists in worshiping the sun, moon, and stars; heliolatry.

Sabicu

The very hard wood of a leguminous West Indian tree (Lysiloma Sabicu), valued for shipbuilding.

Sable

To render sable or dark; to drape darkly or in black.

Sabot

A kind of wooden shoe worn by the peasantry in France, Belgium, Sweden, and some other European countries.

Sabotage

Scamped work. Malicious waste or destruction of an employer's property or injury to his interests by workmen during labor troubles.

Sabre Saber

To strike, cut, or kill with a saber; to cut down, as with a saber.

Sabretasche

A leather case or pocket worn by cavalry at the left side, suspended from the sword belt.

Sabulosity

The quality of being sabulous; sandiness; grittiness.

Sac

See 2d Sack.

Sacalait

A kind of fresh-water bass; the crappie.

Saccade

A sudden, violent check of a horse by drawing or twitching the reins on a sudden and with one pull.

Saccate

Having the form of a sack or pouch; furnished with a sack or pouch, as a petal.

Saccharate

A salt of saccharic acid. In a wider sense, a compound of saccharose, or any similar carbohydrate, with such bases as the oxides of calcium, barium, or lead; a sucrate.

Saccharic

Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, saccharine substances; specifically, designating an acid obtained, as a white amorphous gummy mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose, sucrose, etc.

Saccharify

To convert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.

Saccharimeter

An instrument for ascertaining the quantity of saccharine matter in any solution, as the juice of a plant, or brewers' and distillers' worts.

Saccharimetry

The act, process or method of determining the amount and kind of sugar present in sirup, molasses, and the like, especially by the employment of polarizing apparatus.

Saccharin

A bitter white crystalline substance obtained from the saccharinates and regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; -- so called because formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar (saccharose).

Saccharinate

A salt of saccharinic acid. A salt of saccharine.

Saccharinic

Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharin; specifically, designating a complex acid not known in the free state but well known in its salts, which are obtained by boiling dextrose and levulose (invert sugar) with milk of lime.

Saccharize

To convert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.

Saccharoidal Saccharoid

Resembling sugar, as in taste, appearance, consistency, or composition; as, saccharoidal limestone.

Saccharomyces

A genus of budding fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid. They are the active agents in producing fermentation of wine, beer, etc. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the yeast of sedimentary beer. Also called Torula.

Saccharomycetes

A family of fungi consisting of the one genus Saccharomyces.

Saccharone

A white crystalline substance, C6H8O6, obtained by the oxidation of saccharin, and regarded as the lactone of saccharonic acid. An oily liquid, C6H10O2, obtained by the reduction of saccharin.

Saccharonic

Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharone; specifically, designating an unstable acid which is obtained from saccharone (a) by hydration, and forms a well-known series of salts.

Saccharose

Cane sugar; sucrose; also, in general, any one of the group of which saccharose, or sucrose proper, is the type. See Sucrose.

Saccharum

A genus of tall tropical grasses including the sugar cane.

Saccholactate

A salt of saccholactic acid; -- formerly called also saccholate.

Saccholactic

Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid now called mucic acid; saccholic.

Sacchulmic

Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained as a dark amorphous substance by the long-continued boiling of sucrose with very dilute sulphuric acid. It resembles humic acid.

Sacchulmin

An amorphous huminlike substance resembling sacchulmic acid, and produced together with it.

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